Clinical and nursing research of low-dose dexmedetomidine for prevention of delirium in elderly patientswith general anesthesia
低剂量右美托咪定用于预防老年患者全麻苏醒期谵妄的临床及护理研究

摘要

目的 分析低剂量右美托咪定用于预防老年患者全麻苏醒期谵妄的临床及护理效果。方法 入组本院2021年1月-2021年12月收治的老年全麻手术患者中抽取80例，随机分组，右美托咪定组给予低剂量右美托咪啶，对照组则在麻醉诱导前静脉泵注等量生理盐水,比较两组术后苏醒期谵妄发生率、视觉模拟评分、躁动评分、麻醉优良率、不同时间的平均动脉压、心室率。结果 右美托咪定组术后苏醒期谵妄发生率低于对照组，视觉模拟评分、躁动评分低于对照组，不同时间的心室率低于对照组，平均动脉压水平低于对照组，P＜0.05。结论 右美托嘧啶对老年全麻手术患者麻醉效果确切，可维持术中生命体征稳定，减轻术后苏醒期谵妄，值得推广。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the clinical and nursing effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine in the prevention of delirium during recovery from general anesthesia in elderly patients.
Methods 80 elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia surgery in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected and randomly divided into groups. The dexmedetomidine group was given low-dose dexmedetomidine, and the control group was given low-dose dexmedetomidine during anesthesia induction. The same volume of normal saline was injected intravenously before, and the incidence of delirium, visual analog score, agitation score, excellent and good rate of anesthesia, mean arterial pressure at different time, and ventricular rate were compared between the two groups.
Results The dexmedetomidine group had a lower incidence of postoperative delirium, a lower visual analog score and agitation score, a lower ventricular rate at different times, and a lower mean arterial pressure than the control group. P <0.05.
Conclusion   Dexmedetomidine has an accurate anesthesia effect on elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia, can maintain the stability of vital signs during surgery, and reduce postoperative delirium during recovery, which is worthy of promotion.