Analysis and Countermeasures of Risk Factors of Cross-contamination of Medical Waste in Department of Infectious Diseases
感染性疾病科医疗废物交叉污染的危险因素分析与对策

摘要

目的 对感染性疾病科医疗废物交叉感染的危险因素及防范对策进行研究。方法 本次实验对象为感染性疾病科护理人员，实验时间控制在2018年1月-2019年12月，共计40名护理人员参与本次实验中来。在2018年1月-2018年12月期间实施传统的医疗废物交叉污染防范措施（对照组），在2019年1月-2019年12月期间实施针对性的医疗废物交叉污染防范措施（实验组），对两组医疗废物交叉污染风险事件出现情况、护理人员相关知识掌握情况进行分析及对比。结果 对本次实验进行系统的分析，实验组医疗废物交叉污染风险事件出现概率下降幅度相比对照组较大，两组医疗废物交叉污染风险事件出现概率分别为2.50%及15.00%，数据之间差异凸显，（p＜0.05）；对本次实验展开分析，实验组护理人员相关知识掌握评分上升幅度相比对照组较大，两组护理人员相关知识掌握评分分别为（92.4±2.7）分及（80.1±3.6）分，数据之间差异凸显，（p＜0.05）；医院感染性疾病科医疗废物管理制度不完善、护理人员风险防范意识薄弱等因素是导致医疗废物交叉污染的主要危险因素。结论 在实际工作中，感染性疾病科护理人员应对导致医疗废物交叉污染的因素给予足够的关注，并对以往工作中存在的问题进行深入的分析，采取针对性的策略加以应对，以此避免医疗废物交叉污染情况的出现。

Abstract

Objective: To study the risk factors and preventive measures of cross-infection of medical waste in the Department of Infectious Diseases.
Methods: The subjects of this experiment were nurses in the Department of Infectious Diseases. The experiment time was controlled from January 2018 to December 2019. A total of 40 nurses participated in this experiment. Implement traditional medical waste cross-contamination prevention measures (control group) from January 2018 to December 2018, and implement targeted medical waste cross-contamination prevention measures from January 2019 to December 2019 (experimental group) , To analyze and compare the occurrence of cross-contamination risk events of the two groups of medical wastes and the knowledge of nursing staff.
Results: Based on the systematic analysis of this experiment, the probability of occurrence of cross-contamination risk events of medical waste in the experimental group decreased more than that in the control group. The probability of occurrence of cross-contamination risk events of medical waste in the two groups was 2.50% and 15.00%, respectively. The difference between the two groups is prominent, (p<0.05); in the analysis of this experiment, the nursing staff's knowledge mastery score of the experimental group has increased more than the control group, and the nursing staff's knowledge mastery score of the two groups is (92.4±2.7) points respectively And (80.1±3.6) points, the difference between the data is prominent, (p<0.05); the incomplete medical waste management system of the hospital infectious diseases department, the weak awareness of risk prevention of nurses and other factors are the main risk factors that lead to cross-contamination of medical waste .
Conclusion  : In actual work, nurses in the Department of Infectious Diseases should pay enough attention to the factors that cause cross-contamination of medical waste, conduct an in-depth analysis of the problems in previous work, and adopt targeted strategies to avoid The emergence of cross-contamination of medical waste.