Practical research on evidence-based nursing for prevention and control of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis in breast cancer patients
循证护理防控乳腺肿瘤化疗性静脉炎病症的实践研究

摘要

目的 探究循证护理在乳腺肿瘤患者化疗性静脉炎预防与控制中的临床实践效果，为降低化疗性静脉炎发生率、提升化疗安全性及护理质量提供临床参考依据。方法 选取我院1年内收治的360例45~60岁乳腺肿瘤化疗患者为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组与实验组，各180例。对照组实施乳腺肿瘤化疗常规护理，实验组在常规护理基础上开展循证护理干预，通过检索循证证据、结合临床实际制定针对性静脉炎防控方案。对比两组患者化疗性静脉炎发生率、静脉炎严重程度及护理满意度。结果 实验组化疗性静脉炎总发生率显著低于对照组，且静脉炎Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级严重程度占比均优于对照组；实验组护理满意度显著高于对照组，两组数据差异均存在统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 将循证护理应用于乳腺肿瘤化疗患者护理中，可有效降低化疗性静脉炎发生率，减轻静脉炎严重程度，保障化疗顺利开展，提升患者护理满意度，临床实践价值较高，值得推广应用。

Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical practical efficacy of evidence-based nursing in the prevention and control of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis among breast cancer patients, so as to provide clinical reference for reducing the incidence of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis, improving chemotherapy safety and nursing quality.
Methods A total of 360 breast cancer patients aged 45–60 years receiving chemotherapy admitted to our hospital within one year were enrolled as research subjects and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group via random number table method, with 180 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing for breast cancer chemotherapy, while the experimental group was provided with evidence-based nursing interventions on the basis of routine nursing; targeted prevention and control protocols for phlebitis were formulated by retrieving evidence-based literatures combined with actual clinical conditions. The incidence of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis, severity grading of phlebitis and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.
Results The overall incidence of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis in the experimental group was markedly lower than that in the control group, and the constituent ratios of grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ phlebitis were superior to those of the control group; the nursing satisfaction of the experimental group was significantly higher, with statistically significant intergroup differences (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Application of evidence-based nursing in nursing care of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy can effectively reduce the incidence and severity of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis, ensure smooth implementation of chemotherapy and improve patients’ nursing satisfaction. It possesses high clinical practical value and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.