摘要
目的 分析ICU危重症患者营养支持护理现存问题，结合早期康复制定优化护理方案，改善患者营养状况，减少并发症，为临床重症护理提供实践参考。方法 选取2024年9月-2025年9月本院ICU收治的60例危重症患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，各30例。对照组实施ICU常规营养支持护理，观察组在常规护理基础上施加融入早期康复理念的营养支持护理优化措施。比较两组营养相关指标及喂养不耐受情况。结果 护理后，观察组血清白蛋白、前白蛋白、血红蛋白水平均显著高于对照组；与对照组相比，观察组喂养不耐受总发生率更低（P＜0.05）。结论 当前ICU重症患者营养护理普遍存在评估不及时、操作不够细致，营养护理和早期康复配合不到位等问题。结合早期康复开展优化护理，能切实改善患者营养状况，减少肠胃不适等并发症，助力身体恢复，临床实用性强，值得推广。
关键词： ICU危重症；营养支持护理；早期康复；喂养不耐受；护理优化
Abstract
Objective To analyze the existing problems in nutritional support nursing for critically ill patients in ICU, develop optimized nursing plans based on early rehabilitation, improve patients’ nutritional status, reduce complications, and provide practical reference for clinical critical care. Methods Sixty critically ill patients admitted to the ICU of our hospital from September 2024 to September 2025 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group using a random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. The control group received routine nutritional support nursing in the ICU, while the observation group received nutritional support nursing optimization measures incorporating early rehabilitation concepts on the basis of routine nursing. Compare two groups of nutrition related indicators and feeding intolerance. Results After nursing, the levels of serum albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group; Compared with the control group, the observation group had a lower overall incidence of feeding intolerance (P<0.05). Conclusion Currently, there are common problems in the nutritional care of critically ill patients in ICU, such as untimely evaluation, insufficiently detailed operation, and inadequate coordination between nutritional care and early rehabilitation. Combining early rehabilitation with optimized nursing can effectively improve patients' nutritional status, reduce complications such as gastrointestinal discomfort, and assist in physical recovery. It has strong clinical practicality and is worth promoting.
Key words： ICU critical illness; Nutritional support nursing; Early rehabilitation; Feeding intolerance; Nursing optimization
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