Construction and verification of nursing quality risk pre control management system based on failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)
基于失效模式与效应分析（FMEA）的护理质量风险预控管理体系构建与验证

摘要

目的 探讨构建并验证基于失效模式与效应分析（FMEA）对护理质量风险预控的效果。方法 采用回顾性分析，选择2024年1月到2025年1月期间符合纳入标准的住院患者电子病历资料80例作为研究对象，按管理方法的不同，分为对照组（40例，采用常规护理管理）和观察组（40例，采用FMEA管理）。对比两组患者风险指数（RPN）以及生活质量。结果 观察组饮食、药物、运动、排便等RPN值均低于对照组，观察组生活质量高于对照组，有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 在风险质量预控管理中构建FMEA并验证，能够有效降低风险指数，提高护理质量，提升患者生活质量。

Abstract

Objective To explore the effectiveness of constructing and validating Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) for risk prevention and control of nursing quality.
Methods Using a retrospective analysis, we selected 80 cases of hospitalized patients whose electronic medical records met the inclusion criteria from January 2024 to January 2025 as the study subjects. Based on different management methods, the patients were divided into a control group (40 cases, receiving conventional nursing management) and an observation group (40 cases, receiving FMEA management). We compared the risk index (RPN) and quality of life between the two groups.
Results The RPN values of diet, medication, exercise, and defecation in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the quality of life in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Building and validating FMEA in risk quality pre control management can effectively reduce risk index, improve nursing quality, and enhance patient quality of life.