Research on the nursing practice pathway of home-based palliative care
居家安宁疗护的护理实践途径研究

摘要

目的 深入研究居家安宁疗护的护理实践路径，构建完善的服务内容体系，为医护人员提供科学指导，同时提升服务质量以保障终末期患者的尊严与舒适。方法 选取2025年1月1日前我辖区内40例诊断为肿瘤、慢性病晚期的预计生存期>6个月的居家安宁疗护患者，采用自身前后对照研究方法，所有患者均先接受常规护理（干预前），随后实施6个月的居家安宁疗护团队上门服务（干预后），对比该组患者干预前（常规护理阶段）与干预后（安宁疗护阶段）的生活质量、患者及家属满意度、焦虑评分。结果 干预后患者生活质量评分、患者及家属满意度均显著高于干预前，焦虑评分显著低于干预前（P＜0.05）。结论 居家安宁疗护能有效改善终末期患者生活质量，缓解焦虑情绪，提高患者及家属满意度，可作为居家安宁疗护的优选护理模式推广应用。

Abstract

Objective To deeply explore the nursing practice pathway of home-based palliative care, construct a complete service content system, provide scientific guidance for medical staff, and improve service quality to ensure the dignity and comfort of patients in the terminal stage.
Methods 40 patients diagnosed with advanced tumors or chronic diseases with an expected survival period of more than 6 months within our jurisdiction before January 1, 2025 were selected. A self-controlled before-and-after study method was adopted. All patients first received routine care (before intervention), and then received 6 months of home-based palliative care team home visits (after intervention). The quality of life, satisfaction of patients and their families, and anxiety scores of this group of patients were compared before and after the intervention.
Results After the intervention, the quality of life scores of the patients, the satisfaction of patients and their families were significantly higher than before the intervention, and the anxiety scores were significantly lower than before the intervention (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Home-based palliative care can effectively improve the quality of life of patients in the terminal stage, relieve anxiety, and increase the satisfaction of patients and their families. It can be promoted and applied as a preferred nursing model for home-based palliative care.