Analysis of risk factors for hypoxemia in postoperative anesthesia recovery room after general anesthesia in elderly surgical patients
高龄手术患者全麻后麻醉恢复室低氧血症发生风险影响因素分析

摘要

目的 分析讨论高龄手术患者全麻后麻醉恢复室低氧血症发生风险影响因素。方法 实验时间跨度显示在2023年4月开始，至2025年4月结束，选择该期间高龄手术全麻后麻醉恢复室患者作为观察对象，共计人数92例，回顾性分析所有患者临床资料，依据发生低氧血症（发生组，n=39）、未发生低氧血症（未发生组，n=53）进行分组，对比分析低氧血症发生风险影响因素。结果 发生组中患者年龄、ASA分级Ⅲ级、合并高血压、术前血氧饱和度<95%、术后俯卧体位、术后输血、术后进入麻醉恢复室体温<36度、手术时间、术后输液量、出血量与未发生组差异明显，P＜0.05；通过多因素分析可见年龄、合并高血压、术前血氧饱和度<95%、术后进入麻醉恢复室体温<36度为高龄手术患者全麻后麻醉恢复室低氧血症发生重要独立诱因。结论 年龄、合并高血压、术前血氧饱和度<95%、术后进入麻醉恢复室体温<36度可作为引发高龄手术患者全麻后低氧血症高危风险因素给予高度重视，应积极开展早期防范措施，改善预后。

Abstract

Objective To analyze and discuss the risk factors influencing hypoxemia occurrence in elderly patients undergoing surgery after general anesthesia recovery.
Methods The study period was from April 2023 to April 2025, with 92 elderly patients recovering from general anesthesia as subjects. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, and patients were divided into two groups based on hypoxemia occurrence (group with 39 cases, group without 53 cases). Comparative analysis of risk factors for hypoxemia was conducted.
Results Significant differences were observed between the groups in age, ASA grade III, comorbid hypertension, preoperative oxygen saturation <95%, postoperative prone position, postoperative blood transfusion, temperature <36°C upon entering anesthesia recovery room, surgical duration, postoperative fluid volume, and blood loss (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that age, comorbid hypertension, preoperative oxygen saturation <95%, and temperature <36°C upon entering anesthesia recovery room were significant independent risk factors for hypoxemia in elderly patients after general anesthesia.
Conclusion   Age, comorbid hypertension, preoperative oxygen saturation <95%, and temperature <36°C upon entering anesthesia recovery room should be prioritized as high-risk factors for hypoxemia in elderly patients after general anesthesia. Early preventive measures should be actively implemented to improve prognosis.