Analysis of the mechanism by which bacterial vaginosis synergizes with persistent HPV infection in promoting cervical lesions and research on nursing intervention strategies
细菌性阴道病协同HPV持续感染促进宫颈病变的机制分析及护理干预策略研究

摘要

目的 探讨研究细菌性阴道病（BV）协同HPV持续感染促进宫颈病变的机制分析及护理干预策略。方法 选取本院2023年8月-2025年8月期间收治368例宫颈病变患者作为观察组，另选同一时间健康人群为对比组，探讨其细菌性阴道病协同HPV持续感染促进宫颈病变的机制相关性。并根据机制相关性将观察组分为对比组（常规护理）和观察组（综合护理），每组184例。对比两组护理症状改善情况（阴道分泌物异常缓解率、HPV转阴率、宫颈病变缓解率）、生活质量以及护理满意度。结果 观察组BV阳性率及HPV持续感染率更高，BV与HPV协同感染更易引发CINⅢ及以上病变，三者均为宫颈病变独立风险因素。经过护理干预后，观察组阴道分泌物异常缓解率、HPV转阴率、宫颈病变缓解率显著高于对比组，生活质量和护理满意度评分也显著高于对比组，有统计学意义。结论 细菌性阴道病协同HPV持续感染通过破坏阴道微生态、损伤宫颈黏膜及激活免疫炎症反应促进宫颈病变，通过综合护理可以有效改善临床症状，从而提升患者生活质量和满意度。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the mechanism by which bacterial vaginosis (BV) synergizes with persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in promoting cervical lesions and to study corresponding nursing intervention strategies.
Methods A total of 368 patients with cervical lesions admitted to our hospital from August 2023 to August 2025 were selected as the observation group, while a healthy population during the same period was chosen as the comparison group. The correlation regarding the mechanism of BV synergizing with persistent HPV infection in promoting cervical lesions was explored. Based on the mechanistic correlation, the observation group was further divided into a control group (receiving routine care) and an experimental group (receiving comprehensive care), with 184 cases in each group. The improvements in symptoms (relief rate of abnormal vaginal discharge, HPV clearance rate, relief rate of cervical lesions), quality of life, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.
Results The observation group had higher rates of BV positivity and persistent HPV infection. Co-infection with BV and HPV was more likely to lead to CIN III or higher-grade lesions. All three factors were identified as independent risk factors for cervical lesions. After nursing interventions, the experimental group showed significantly higher rates of relief for abnormal vaginal discharge, HPV clearance, and cervical lesion relief compared to the control group. Scores for quality of life and nursing satisfaction were also significantly higher in the experimental group, with statistical significance.
Conclusion   Bacterial vaginosis synergizes with persistent HPV infection to promote cervical lesions by disrupting the vaginal microecology, damaging the cervical mucosa, and activating immune-inflammatory responses. Comprehensive nursing interventions can effectively improve clinical symptoms, thereby enhancing patients' quality of life and satisfaction.