Clinical observation on the auxiliary nursing of traditional Chinese medicine after interventional surgery for acute myocardial infarction
急性心梗介入术后中医药辅助护理的临床观察

摘要

目的 探究急性心梗介入术后实施中医药辅助护理对患者心功能恢复、中医证候改善及并发症防控的临床效果，为术后护理方案优化提供循证依据。方法 选取2024年1月至2025年6月本院收治的72例急性心梗介入术后患者，按随机数字表法分为对照组与实验组，各36例。对照组行常规术后护理，实验组在常规护理基础上开展中医药辅助护理（辨证施膳、穴位贴敷、情志调护、中药泡足），干预4周后对比两组左心室射血分数（LVEF）、中医证候积分及并发症（心律失常、心力衰竭）发生率。结果 干预4周后，实验组患者LVEF水平为（55.82±4.31%），显著高于对照组的（49.65±3.78%），经t检验分析，差异具有统计学意义（t=6.892，P＜0.001）；实验组中医证候积分为（3.95±1.12分），明显低于对照组的（8.42±1.63分），差异有统计学意义（t=14.753，P＜0.001）；在并发症防控方面，实验组并发症发生率为5.56%（2/36），其中仅1例出现偶发室性早搏，1例出现轻度心力衰竭，而对照组并发症发生率达22.22%（8/36），包括4例心律失常、4例心力衰竭，经χ²检验，两组差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.181，P=0.041）。结论 急性心梗介入术后实施中医药辅助护理，可通过多维度、个性化的干预措施，有效促进患者心功能恢复，减轻中医证候表现，降低术后并发症发生风险，其护理模式兼具安全性与有效性，具有较高的临床推广价值与应用前景。

Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical effects of implementing traditional Chinese medicine-assisted nursing after interventional surgery for acute myocardial infarction on the recovery of cardiac function, improvement of TCM syndromes, and prevention and control of complications, and to provide evidence-based basis for the optimization of postoperative nursing plans.
Methods A total of 72 patients with acute myocardial infarction after interventional surgery admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to June 2025 were selected and divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the random number table method, with 36 cases in each group. The control group received routine postoperative care, while the experimental group received traditional Chinese medicin-assisted care on the basis of routine care (syndrome differentiation diet, acupoint application, emotional regulation, and Chinese herbal foot bath). After 4 weeks of intervention, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), TCM syndrome score, and the incidence of complications (arrhythmia, heart failure) were compared between the two groups.
Results After 4 weeks of intervention, the LVEF level of patients in the experimental group was (55.82±4.31%), significantly higher than that of the control group (49.65±3.78%). Analyzed by t-test, the difference was statistically significant (t=6.892, P < 0.001). The TCM syndrome score of the experimental group was (3.95±1.12 points), which was significantly lower than that of the control group (8.42±1.63 points), and the difference was statistically significant (t=14.753, P < 0.001). In terms of complication prevention and control, the complication rate in the experimental group was 5.56% (2/36), among which only 1 case had occasional ventricular premature beats and 1 case had mild heart failure. In contrast, the complication rate in the control group reached 22.22% (8/36), including 4 cases of arrhythmia and 4 cases of heart failure. According to the χ² test, There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ²=4.181, P=0.041).
Conclusion   The implementation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) assisted nursing after interventional treatment for acute myocardial infarction can effectively promote the recovery of patients' cardiac function, alleviate the manifestations of TCM syndromes, and reduce the risk of postoperative complications through multi-dimensional and personalized intervention measures. This nursing model is both safe and effective, and has high clinical promotion value and application prospects.