Preventive strategies for pulmonary infection in artificial airway care for comatose patients in neurosurgery
神经外科昏迷患者人工气道护理中肺部感染的预防策略

摘要

目的 神经外科昏迷患者人工气道护理中预防肺部感染的有效策略，以进一步降低肺部感染发生风险。方法 选取2023年1月-2025年5月期间在本院神经外科收治的行人工气道（气管切开/插管）的50例昏迷患者，采用随机数字表法分2组，对照组采用常规护理，观察组实施综合预防干预措施，比较两组干预效果。结果 人工气道建立3～5d、6～10d观察组肺部感染发生率低于对照组，组间对比差异显著（P＜0.05）。结论 神经外科昏迷患者人工气道（气管切开/插管）护理中，通过实施环境管理、气道湿化、体位管理、气管切开维护、预防误吸等综合预防干预措施，有效防止肺部感染的发生，值得推荐。

Abstract

Objective To develop effective strategies for preventing pulmonary infection in artificial airway care for comatose patients in neurosurgery, in order to further reduce the risk of pulmonary infection.
Methods Fifty comatose patients with artificial airway (tracheotomy/intubation) admitted to the neurosurgery department of our hospital from January 2023 to May 2025 were selected. They were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method. The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group received comprehensive preventive intervention measures. The intervention effects of the two groups were compared.
Results The incidence of pulmonary infection in the observation group after 3-5 days and 6-10 days of artificial airway establishment was lower than that in the control group, and the difference between the groups was significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion   In the nursing of artificial airway (tracheotomy/intubation) for comatose patients in neurosurgery, comprehensive preventive interventions such as environmental management, airway humidification, position management, tracheotomy maintenance, and prevention of aspiration can effectively prevent the occurrence of pulmonary infections, which is worthy of recommendation.