Discussion on the susceptibility factors and nursing countermeasures of nosocomial infections in patients with nephropathy, rheumatology and immunology
肾病风湿免疫病患者医院感染的易感因素及护理对策探讨

摘要

目的 剖析肾病风湿免疫病患者医院感染的易感因素，并总结针对性护理对策。方法 纳入2024年1月至2025年1月100例肾病风湿免疫病患者为研究对象，多因素logistic回归分析肾病风湿免疫病易感因素，双盲法分为观察组、对照组，对照组实施综合护理，观察组实施常规护理，比较两组院感发生率。结果 风湿免疫病医院感染单因素分析，吸烟史、高血脂史与风湿免疫病医院感染无关联（P>0.05）；酗酒史、心理压力过大、皮肤感染、上呼吸道感染与风湿免疫病医院感染有关联（P＜0.05）；使用多因素logistic回归分析法进行风湿免疫病医院感染影响因素分析，酗酒史与风湿免疫病医院感染无关联（P>0.05）；心理压力过大、皮肤感染、上呼吸道感染与风湿免疫病医院感染有关联（P<0.05）。观察组院感发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 心理压力过大、皮肤感染、上呼吸道感染等因素是各组患者发生医院感染的危险因素，通过实施综合护理，可减轻院感发生率。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the susceptibility factors of hospital acquired infections in patients with kidney disease, rheumatism, and autoimmune diseases, and summarize targeted nursing strategies.
Methods A total of 100 patients with kidney disease, rheumatism, and immunology from January 2024 to January 2025 were included as the research subjects. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the susceptibility factors of kidney disease, rheumatism, and immunology. The patients were divided into an observation group and a control group using a double-blind method. The control group received comprehensive nursing care, while the observation group received routine nursing care. The incidence of hospital acquired infections was compared between the two groups.
Results Univariate analysis showed no association between smoking history, hyperlipidemia history, and hospital acquired infections in rheumatic and autoimmune diseases (P>0.05); History of alcohol abuse, excessive psychological stress, skin infections, upper respiratory tract infections are associated with hospital acquired infections in rheumatic and autoimmune diseases (P<0.05); Using multiple logistic regression analysis to analyze the influencing factors of hospital acquired infections in rheumatic and autoimmune diseases, it was found that there was no association between a history of alcohol abuse and hospital acquired infections in rheumatic and autoimmune diseases (P>0.05); Excessive psychological stress, skin infections, upper respiratory tract infections are associated with hospital acquired infections of rheumatism and immunology (P<0.05). The incidence of nosocomial infection in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Excessive psychological pressure, skin infections, upper respiratory tract infections, and other factors are risk factors for hospital acquired infections in various groups of patients. By implementing comprehensive nursing, the incidence of hospital acquired infections can be reduced.