Research on the blood glucose control scheme for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus based on evidence-based nursing
基于循证护理的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血糖控制方案研究

摘要

目的 本研究评估循证护理对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血糖控制、妊娠期并发症和新生儿健康的影响。通过对比不同治疗方案，验证循证护理的临床效果，为妊娠期糖尿病管理提供科学依据。方法 纳入66例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇，按治疗方式分为对照组和观察组，每组33例。对照组接受常规饮食控制与运动干预，观察组在常规治疗基础上实施循证护理，包括定期血糖监测、个性化饮食指导和心理疏导等。主要观察指标为餐前、餐后2小时血糖和妊娠期并发症发生率等。结果 观察组餐前血糖为5.4±1.0 mmol/L，餐后2小时血糖为7.5±1.3 mmol/L，显著低于对照组（5.8±1.2 mmol/L，9.2±1.5 mmol/L，P<0.05）。观察组妊娠高血压、胎儿生长受限和早产的发生率分别为6.1%、9.1%和3.0%，低于对照组的18.2%、21.2%和6.1%（P<0.05）。结论 循证护理在妊娠期糖尿病的治疗中表现出显著效果，能够改善血糖控制，减少并发症的发生，并提高新生儿健康水平。该方法具有较高的临床应用价值，值得推广。

Abstract

Objective This study aims to evaluate the impact of evidence-based nursing on blood glucose control, pregnancy complications, and neonatal health in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. By comparing different treatment plans, the clinical effect of evidence-based nursing is verified to provide a scientific basis for the management of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Methods A total of 66 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus were included and divided into a control group and an observation group, with 33 cases in each group. The control group received conventional dietary control and exercise intervention, while the observation group received evidence-based nursing on the basis of conventional treatment, including regular blood glucose monitoring, personalized dietary guidance, and psychological counseling. The main observation indicators were pre-meal and 2-hour post-meal blood glucose levels and the incidence of pregnancy complications.
Results The pre-meal blood glucose level in the observation group was 5.4 ±1.0 mmol/L, and the 2-hour post-meal blood glucose level was 7.5±1.3 mmol/L, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (5.8±1.2 mmol/L, 9.2 ± 1.5 mmol/L, P < 0.05). The incidences of gestational hypertension, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth in the observation group were 6.1%, 9.1%, and 3.0%, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group (18.2%, 21.2%, and 6.1%, P < 0.05).
Conclusion   Evidence-based nursing shows significant effects in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus, improving blood glucose control, reducing the occurrence of complications, and enhancing neonatal health. This method has high clinical application value and is worthy of promotion.