摘要
目的 调查护理本科实习生实习早期职业认同感现状，分析其影响因素，为后续教育管理机构降低护生流失风险，稳定护理队伍提供相关参考依据。方法 研究对象选取2023年7月至2023年10月实习早期（≤3个月）的291名本科实习护生，通过线上问卷收集信息，测量本科护生实习早期职业认同感水平采用护理专业学生职业认同问卷，采用方差分析及多元逐步回归对数据进行统计检验。结果 护理本科实习生实习早期职业认同感总分为62.06±14.57，属于中等偏上水平；是否参与过护理相关社会实践、父母支持态度，以及对实习整体满意度等9项因素对护理本科实习生早期职业认同感的影响有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 本科护生实习早期职业认同感水平尚有待提高，是否参与过护理相关社会实践、父母支持态度、与带教老师的关系、医院支持程度、以及对实习整体满意度是影响护生职业认同感的因素，为后期相关干预性研究提供新思路。
关键词： 本科护生；实习早期；职业认同；影响因素
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current status of professional identity among undergraduate nursing interns during the early stages of their internship, analyze influencing factors, and provide a reference for educational management institutions to reduce the risk of nursing student attrition and stabilize the nursing workforce. Methods A total of 291 undergraduate nursing interns in the early phase of their internship (≤3 months) from July to October 2023 were enrolled in this study. Data were collected via an online questionnaire, and professional identity was assessed using the Nursing Students' Professional Identity Questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and multiple stepwise regression, were performed. Results The early career identity of nursing undergraduate interns was rated at 62.06±14.57, indicating a moderately high level. Nine factors, including participation in nursing-related social practice, parents' support attitude and overall satisfaction with internship, had a statistically significant effect on the early career identity of nursing undergraduate interns (P<0.05). Conclusion The professional identity of undergraduate nursing interns in the early internship stage still requires improvement. Key influencing factors include Whether they have participated in nursing-related social practice, their parents' attitude of support, their relationship with the instructor, the degree of hospital support, and their overall satisfaction with the internship are the factors that affect the professional identity of nursing students, which provides new ideas for later intervention research.
Key words： Undergraduate nursing students; Early internship; Professional identity; Influencing factors
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