Construction and evaluation of perioperative constipation management plan for patients undergoing spinal internal fixation surgery based on the "PET evidence-based nursing practice model"
基于“PET循证护理实践模型”构建脊柱内固定术患者围手术期便秘管理方案及评价

摘要

目的 基于“PET循证护理实践模型”制定脊柱内固定术患者围手术期便秘管理的最佳循证实践方案，并应用于临床，评价其效果。方法 检索相关领域的临床实践指南、系统评价等循证资源，获取最佳证据并进行分析，形成“脊柱内固定术患者围手术期便秘管理的最佳循证实践方案”，将该方案应用于拟行脊柱内固定手术病人中检验其效果，2019年5月-8月为对照组，2020年5月-8月观察组，各120例。结果 观察组便秘发生率为32.5%，显著低于对照组(45.2％)，P＜0.05，培训后各层级护士便秘知识测评平均分[(89.18±10.468)分]显著高于培训前[(52.74±13.023)分]，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 基于“PET循证护理实践模型”的实践方案可预防脊柱内固定术患者围手术期便秘的发生，提高护理人员对此类病人排便情况的重视及知识掌握程度，为临床管理提供依据及参考。

Abstract

Objective Based on the "PET Evidence Based Nursing Practice Model", this study aims to develop the best evidence-based practice plan for perioperative constipation management in patients undergoing spinal internal fixation surgery, and apply it to clinical practice to evaluate its effectiveness.
Methods Retrieve clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews, and other evidence-based resources in relevant fields, obtain the best evidence, and analyze it to form the "Best Evidence Based Practice Plan for Perioperative Constipation Management in Patients Undergoing Spinal Internal Fixation Surgery". Apply this plan to patients undergoing spinal internal fixation surgery to test its effectiveness. The control group was from May to August 2019, and the observation group was from May to August 2020, with 120 cases in each group.
Results The incidence of constipation in the observation group was 32.5%, significantly lower than that in the control group (45.2%), P<0.05. The average score of constipation knowledge assessment for nurses at all levels after training [(89.18 ± 10.468)] was significantly higher than that before training [(52.74 ± 13.023)], and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion   The practice plan based on the "PET Evidence Based Nursing Practice Model" can prevent the occurrence of perioperative constipation in patients undergoing spinal internal fixation surgery, improve the attention and knowledge mastery of nursing staff on the defecation situation of such patients, and provide a basis and reference for clinical management.