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当前位置：当代护理 > 2025年 6卷 (3)期

Open Access Article

Contemporary Nursing. 2025; 6: (3) ; 15-22 ; DOI: 10.12208/j.cn.20250108.

Analysis of the current status of maternal stigma in perinatal loss and the factors affecting it
围产期丧失女性病耻感现状及其影响因素分析

作者： 王梅园 ¹ *, 徐僡², 顾红³, 姚兰⁴, 李丽¹

1 海军军医大学第三附属医院护理处上海

2 徐州市妇幼保健院产房江苏徐州

3 南京大学医学院附属苏州医院产科江苏苏州

4 苏州大学附属第二医院产科江苏苏州

*通讯作者：王梅园 ,单位：海军军医大学第三附属医院护理处上海；

嘉卫（2024）77号（编号：ZB2024021）苏州市医学重点扶持学科（编号：SZFCXK202109）

发布时间: 2025-03-31 总浏览量: 89

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摘要

目的了解围产期丧失女性病耻感现状及其相关影响因素。方法 2022年9月-2024年5月采用便利抽样法对江苏省3所三级医院245名围产期丧失女性，使用一般资料调查表、死胎病耻感量、自尊量表、社会支持量表、围产期悲伤量表进行横断面调查。结果围产期丧失女性病耻感、自尊、社会支持、围产期悲伤得分为(59.49±10.87)分、(29.03±5.19)分、(57.61±7.43)分、(92.64±12.39)分。围产期丧失女性病耻感与围产期悲伤呈正相关(r=0.637,P＜0.05)，与自尊、社会支持呈负相关(r=-0.585,P＜0.05；r=-0.509,P＜0.05)。年龄、文化程度、胎龄、子女数、自尊、社会支持、围产期悲伤是围产期丧失女性病耻感的主要影响因素(P＜0.05)。结论围产期丧失女性病耻感处于中等水平，年龄大、文化程度低、丧失胎儿孕周大、无子女、自尊水平低、领悟社会支持度差、围产期悲伤程度重是病耻感的主要影响因素，医护人员需重点关注，未来可通过开展提高个体自尊及社会支持的干预方案，减轻围产期悲伤程度，降低病耻感水平。

关键词： 围产期丧失；自尊；病耻感；社会支持；悲伤

Abstract

Objective To understand the current status of Stigma in women with perinatal loss and the factors influencing it.
Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 245 mothers experiencing perinatal loss in three tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province from September 2022 to September 2023, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, Stillbirth Stigma Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Social Support Scale, and Perinatal Grief Scale.
Results The 245 cases of perinatal loss had scores of (59.49±10.87), (29.03±5.19), (57.61±7.43), (92.64±12.39) for stigma, self-esteem, social support, and grief. Stigma of women with perinatal loss was positively correlated with perinatal grief (r=0.637, P<0.05) and negatively correlated with self-esteem and social support (r=-0.585, P<0.05; r=-0.509, P<0.05). Age, education, gestational age, number of children, self-esteem, social support, and perinatal grief were the main factors influencing perinatal loss of female Stigma (P < 0.05).
Conclusion Stigma among women with perinatal loss is at a moderate level. Older age, lower education level, larger gestational weeks of fetal loss, childlessness, lower self-esteem, poorer appreciation of social support, and greater perinatal sadness were the main factors influencing Stigma, which should be focused on by healthcare professionals, and intervention programmes to improve individual self-esteem and social support could be carried out in the future to alleviate the level of perinatal sadness and reduce the level of Stigma.

Key words： Perinatal loss; Self-esteem; Stigma; Social support; Grief

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引用本文

王梅园, 徐僡, 顾红, 姚兰, 李丽, 围产期丧失女性病耻感现状及其影响因素分析[J]. 当代护理, 2025; 6: (3) : 15-22.

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