Cause analysis and preventive nursing of deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity
下肢深静脉血栓形成的原因分析及预防护理

摘要

目的 重点分析下肢深静脉血栓形成的原因，提出预防护理措施。方法 取2022年1月到2023年1月我院下肢深静脉血栓形成患者60例作为研究对象，在患者完全了解本次研究目的后将其入组，回顾性分析患者下肢深静脉血栓形成原因，并针对性拟定预防护理措施。结果 经统计，60例患者中，持续卧床时间>7 d 因素者7例，占比11.67%；罹患脑卒中因素者5例，占比8.33%；肺通气时间>72 h 因素者4例，占比6.67%；采血次数>15 次因素者2例，占比3.33%；手术因素者2例，占比2.33%，其中年龄>70 岁因素者40例，占比66.67%；结论 经分析，年龄>70 岁、持续卧床时间>7 d、罹患脑卒中、肺通气时间>72 h、采血次数>15 次、手术因素等均为发生下肢深静脉血栓形成的原因。研究体现出年龄越大出现的概率也会越高，占比会更多。下下肢深静脉血栓形成后，患者生命健康受到严重威胁，因此应重视对下肢深静脉血栓形成的预防，进而对于降低肺栓塞风险、减轻下肢障碍、避免医疗负担和提高生活质量都具有重要意义。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the causes of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs and propose preventive nursing measures.
Methods Sixty patients with lower limb deep vein thrombosis in our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects. After the patients fully understood the purpose of this study, they were enrolled in the study. The causes of lower limb deep vein thrombosis in patients were retrospectively analyzed, and targeted preventive nursing measures were formulated.
Results According to statistics, among the 60 patients, there were 7 cases with continuous bed rest time>7 days, accounting for 11.67%; There were 5 cases of stroke related factors, accounting for 8.33%; There were 4 cases with pulmonary ventilation time>72 hours, accounting for 6.67%; There were 2 cases with blood collection frequency>15 times, accounting for 3.33%; There were 2 cases with surgical factors, accounting for 2.33%, among which 40 cases with factors over 70 years old, accounting for 66.67%;
Conclusion   After analysis, age>70 years old, continuous bed rest time>7 days, stroke, pulmonary ventilation time>72 hours, blood collection frequency>15 times, and surgical factors are all reasons for the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs. The research shows that the older the age, the higher the probability and proportion of occurrence. After the formation of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs, the patient's life and health are seriously threatened. Therefore, attention should be paid to the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs, which is of great significance for reducing the risk of pulmonary embolism, alleviating lower limb disorders, avoiding medical burden, and improving quality of life.