The practical application and effectiveness evaluation of narrative nursingin clinical nursing of pediatric surgery
叙事护理在小儿外科临床护理中的实践应用及其效果评价

摘要

随着人们生活质量的改善，人们对医疗服务质量的要求也越来越高，为适应时代发展需求，提高护理质量成为各医疗机构共同努力的目标。小儿外科主要负责处理儿童年龄段（出生至18岁）的外科疾病，其疾病类型复杂、就诊人数众多，且儿童与成人在生理、生长和发展方面存在许多差异，因此不论是治疗还是护理都存在很大区别。小儿外科临床护理要求更为严格，护士不仅需要具备扎实的医学知识和技能，以满足患儿护理需求，还需要敏锐地察觉和理解家属的情绪变化，并为其提供情绪支持和心理安慰。叙事护理在临床应用十分广泛，尤其在小儿外科临床护理中具有独特优势。叙事即是指对个人经历与故事描述，并将其整理为具体事件，叙事护理重视患者所描述的感觉与体验，在描述过程中也能够反映出患者生理、心理、社会及精神各方面的需求，而这是实施整体护理的前提。通过叙事护理可以为患儿及家属传递护理信息和提供护理关怀，与其建立情感联系，促进其沟通，从而提高患儿与家属对治疗工作的配合度，有助于促进患儿疾病转归。此外，叙事护理还可以帮助护理人员与患者建立情感连接，通过共享故事和情感，建立信任和理解的基础，降低小儿外科护患纠纷发生风险。

Abstract

With the improvement of people's quality of life, people's demand for the quality of medical services is also higher and higher, in order to adapt to the development needs of the times, to improve the quality of care has become the joint efforts of various medical institutions. Paediatric surgery is mainly responsible for dealing with surgical diseases in children's age group (from birth to 18 years old), which has complex types of diseases, a large number of patients, and many differences between children and adults in terms of physiology, growth, and development, so there are great differences in both treatment and care. The clinical nursing requirements of paediatric surgery are more stringent, and nurses not only need to have solid medical knowledge and skills to meet the needs of children's care, but also need to be keenly aware of and understand the emotional changes of the family, and provide emotional support and psychological comfort. Narrative nursing is widely used in clinical practice, especially in paediatric surgical clinical care with unique advantages. Narrative nursing refers to the description of personal experiences and stories and organises them into specific events. Narrative nursing attaches importance to the feelings and experiences described by the patients, and in the process of description, it can also reflect the needs of the patients' physiological, psychological, social and spiritual aspects, which is the prerequisite for the implementation of holistic nursing. Narrative nursing can convey nursing information and provide nursing care for children and their families, establish emotional ties with them, and promote their communication, thus improving the cooperation of children and their families with the treatment work, and helping to promote the regression of children's diseases. In addition, narrative care can also help caregivers to establish emotional connections with patients, through sharing stories and emotions, to establish a foundation of trust and understanding, and reduce the risk of nursing disputes in paediatric surgery.