The influence of early nursing intervention and family guidance on neuropsychological development of high-risk children
早期护理干预联合家庭指导对高危儿神经心理发育的影响

摘要

目的 探讨早期护理干预联合家庭指导对高危儿神经心理发育的影响。方法 选取在我院儿童早期发展中心2018年1月至2019年3月建档管理的高危新生儿120例，按照家长意愿同意进行早期干预并能积极参与者作为干预组，不同意早期干预或不积极参与者作为对照组，每组60例。对照组采用常规护理，研究组在常规护理的基础上接受早期护理干预联合家庭指导。纠正胎龄满6月和12月时，记录患儿生长发育情况及两组神经心理发育情况、社会生活能力。结果 6月时，研究组儿心量表评分均高于对照组，仅大运动、精细动作评分比较，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05），12月时，研究组儿心量表评分均高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；研究组6月、12月社会行为能力评分高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；对高危儿智力发育影响因素做多元逐步回归分析发现，早期护理干预和家庭指导为有利因素，较晚月龄添加辅食为不利因素（F=6.310，P＜0.05）。结论 早期护理干预联合家庭指导能够促进高危儿神经心理发育，提升其社会生活能力，具有较高的应用价值。

Abstract

Objective To explore the effects of early nursing intervention and family guidance on neuropsychological development of high-risk children.
Methods A total of 120 high-risk newborns who were documented and managed in the Early Childhood Development Center of our hospital from January 2018 to March 2019 were selected. According to the parents' wishes, those who agreed to early intervention and could be active participants were taken as the intervention group, while those who disagreed with early intervention or were inactive participants were taken as the control group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing, and the study group received early nursing intervention combined with family guidance on the basis of routine nursing. When the gestational age was over 6 months and 12 months, the growth and development of the children as well as the neuropsychological development and social living ability of the two groups were recorded.
Results In June, the scores of the infant heart scale in the study group were all higher than those in the control group, but the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) between the scores of coarse movements and fine movements only. In December, the scores of the infant heart scale in the study group were all higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The scores of social life ability in the study group in June and December were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis of the influencing factors of the intelligence development of high-risk children showed that early nursing intervention and family guidance were the favorable factors, while the addition of supplementary food at the later age was the unfavorable factor (F=6.310, P<0.05).
Conclusion   Early nursing intervention combined with family guidance can promote the neuropsychological development of high-risk children and improve their social living ability, which has high application value.