Analysis of preventive nursing intervention on reducing deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities in intensive care patients
重症监护患者预防性护理干预减少下肢深静脉血栓的分析

摘要

目的 对重症监护患者进行预防性护理干预以减少下肢深静脉血栓发生的临床分析。方法 选取2019年1月~2020年12月时段内我科的80例重症监护患者进行研究。在随机数字表分组法下，均分成40例对照组和观察组。给予对照组常规护理干预，观察组预防性护理干预。对两组人员护理干预前与干预14天后分别进行凝血功能检测，即：活化部分凝血酶时间（APTT），凝血酶原时间（PT）、凝血酶时间（TT）纤维蛋白原（Fbg）及D-二聚体（D-D）。分析两组护理干预后，下肢深静脉血栓发生率差异。结果 护理干预前，两组APTT、PT、TT、Fbg及D-D指标比较，差异不具有统计学意义（P>0.05）；护理干预后，两组APTT、PT、TT指标均上升，Fbg、D-D指标均下降，但观察组改善情况更优，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组下肢深静脉血栓发生率比较，观察组更低，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；在护患关系方面，观察组比对照组明显较好，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对重症监护患者实施预防性护理干预能有效改善凝血指标，预防下肢深静脉血栓形成，具有一定推广和应用价值。

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the preventive nursing intervention for patients in intensive care unit (ICU) in order to reduce the occurrence of lower limb thrombosis.
Methods: From January 2019 to December 2020,80 cases of intensive care patients in our department were studied. In the random number table grouping method, were divided into 40 cases of Control Group and Observation Group. Routine nursing intervention was given to the control group, and preventive nursing intervention was given to the observation group. Blood coagulation function was measured before and 14 days after nursing intervention, including activated partial thrombin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen (FBG) and d-dimer (D-D). The incidence of lower limb thrombosis was analyzed after the two groups' nursing intervention.
Results: There was no significant difference in Aptt, PT, TT, FBG and D-D between the two groups before and after Nursing Intervention (P & GT; 0.05), but the improvement of observation group was better, the difference was statistically significant (P & Lt; 0.05). The incidence of lower limb thrombosis in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the Control Group (P & Lt; 0.05). In terms of nurse-patient relationship, the observation group was significantly better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion  : the Preventive Nursing intervention for ICU patients can effectively improve the indexes of blood coagulation and prevent the formation of lower limb thrombosis, which has certain popularization and application value.