Nursing experience of egg freezing fertility preservation in a case of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast
一例乳腺浸润性导管癌患者行冻卵生育力保存的护理体会

摘要

乳腺浸润性导管癌 (Invasive ductal carcinoma,IDC) 是最常见的乳腺癌病理类型,约占总数的 4 / 5 以 上[1]。乳腺癌患者，虽然40岁之前的年轻患者生存期明显延长，但由此付出的生育力丧失的代价，却是年轻乳腺癌患者最难以面对的治疗副作用之一，甚至有患者因此拒绝接受系统性治疗。近年来肿瘤与生育成为肿瘤学中快速发展的领域，保护女性生育能力的技术已逐渐用于临床[2]。生育力保存( fertility preservation，FP) 是指保存卵子或生殖组织的方法和手段，适用于有不孕不育风险的人群和治疗某些疾病可能会影响生育功能的患者。随着医疗技术的提高，年轻女性乳腺癌得到了很好的治疗，患者获得了长期生存的可能，甚至走向治愈，因此“获得后代”这个需求就越来越受到重视，生育能力的保存让乳腺癌的治疗不再是单纯的治病，而是对人的综合救治。根据 2019《年轻乳腺癌诊疗与生育管理专家共识》，生育力保存技术涉及药物、手术或冷冻技术等不同的助孕方法[3]。现将贵州医科大学附属医院生殖中心2021年5月一例乳腺浸润性导管癌患者生育力保护的护理经过回顾总结，报道如下。

Abstract

Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common pathologic type of breast cancer, accounting for about 4/5 of the total number [1]. For breast cancer patients, although the survival time of young patients before the age of 40 is significantly prolonged, the cost of fertility loss is one of the most difficult side effects of treatment for young breast cancer patients, and some patients even refuse systematic treatment. In recent years, tumor and fertility have become a rapidly developing field in oncology, and the technology to protect female fertility has been gradually applied in clinical practice [2]. Fertility preservation (FP) is a method and means of egg or reproductive tissue preservation. It is suitable for people at risk of infertility and for the treatment of patients with certain diseases that may affect their ability to reproduce. With the improvement of medical technology, young women's breast cancer has been well treated, patients have gained the possibility of long-term survival, and even to cure, so the need of "obtaining offspring" has been paid more and more attention. The preservation of fertility makes the treatment of breast cancer no longer a simple treatment, but a comprehensive treatment for people. According to the 2019 Expert Consensus on Diagnosis, Treatment and Fertility Management of Young Breast Cancer, fertility preservation technologies involve different fertility AIDS such as drugs, surgery or cryotherapy [3]. The nursing experience of fertility protection in a patient with invasive ductal carcinoma of breast in The Reproductive Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University in May 2021 is reviewed and summarized as follows.